The world’s most unloved sedimentary structures: a new process model for flutes and tool marks

Professor Jeff Peakall – University of Leeds

Aggradational bedforms, from dunes to cyclic steps, are the subject of dozens of papers each year, producing lots of startling discoveries. These bedforms tell us about the flows that formed them and in turn aid interpretation and prediction. In contrast, sole structures have been almost entirely neglected for 50 years; unloved, ignored, and whose only role is to tell geologists which way the flow went. Here we present a new process model of flutes and tool marks in deep-marine environments that tackles a host of long-standing conundrums, and examines under what flow types these structures form. We finish by looking at the implications of the work including a revised Bouma Sequence diagram.